This research was carried out with the purpose of determining the effectiveness of the self-Knowledge educational package based on the theory of existentialism on the illogical beliefs of communication on people. The statistical population included all married people who referred to counseling and psychological centers in Tehran's 1st and 3rd districts with marital problems. In the current research, experimental research method of quasi-experimental type of pre-test and post-test design with control group was used. In the research sample, 16 people who had a high level of irrational beliefs were selected voluntarily based on the answers to the voluntary questionnaire of counseling centers, and 8 people were randomly replaced in the experimental and control groups. The data collection tool was Adilson and Epstein's communication irrational beliefs questionnaire, which was conducted with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group and 12 data collection training sessions. Multivariate analysis of covariance or MANOVA method was used for data analysis. The results of the analysis of covariance in the Mankva text showed that in the main hypothesis, the analysis of covariance in the variable of couples' irrational beliefs (sig=0.02, F=6.059) is significant. The results of the sub-hypotheses also showed that the analysis of covariance in the variable of destructiveness, belief in the changeability of the spouse, belief in mind reading, belief in sexual perfectionism and sexual differences of couples is significant. the self-Knowledge education based on the existentialism approach is effective on the irrational beliefs of married people.

Objectives: In the last decade in Iran, the highest prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and discomfort among office workers has been reported in the neck, back, and shoulder areas. The present study aimed to assess the impact of ergonomic interventions in Knowledge-based companies on musculoskeletal disorders, work-related stress, and quality of work life. Methods: In this quasi-randomized controlled trial study, the participants, including 311 office workers, received ergonomic interventions at both individual and managerial levels. Results: The implementation of individual ergonomic training interventions significantly reduced disorders in the neck, right and left shoulders, right forearm, and right wrist. Social support also demonstrated a significant increase in all three intervention groups. The interventions had a significant impact on the quality of working life. The changes in the mean quality of working life for the second and third groups in the first month of growth were significant and then continued similar to the trend of the control group. Conclusion: The implementation of individual ergonomic training interventions significantly reduced musculoskeletal disorders in the neck, shoulders, and upper limbs. Nonetheless, management training interventions did not affect the musculoskeletal disorders of employees. Furthermore, concurrent implementation of individual ergonomics and management interventions exerted a more pronounced effect on the reduction of disorders. The implementation of management educational interventions and combined interventions led to a marked increase in the level of control experienced by participants, while both types of social support interventions also increased. The implementation of a multi-component ergonomics intervention program was demonstrated to enhance the impact of interventions on employees' health and productivity.

The basis of competition in Knowledge-based companies is based on Knowledge, and the company that can manage this category correctly and choose the right strategy for it will be the final winner of the competition. Therefore, in this research, an attempt has been made to formulate possible scenarios and, as a result, appropriate strategies, by forecasting factors and components affecting Knowledge management strategies in Knowledge-based companies. This research is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of method, it is survey type and exploratory. The statistical population of this research was made up of 97 managers and experts in 46 Knowledge-based companies located in Shiraz Chemical Industries Technology Town and which according to the type and stages of the research, 13-person, 6-person and 6-person teams were selected in a judgmental manner. In the first stage, 7 factors of organizational culture strategy, technology strategy, organizational strategy, structure strategy, organizational resources, Knowledge management and environment were identified . Then, 20 Component were identified in the form of these factors and by reusing the subject literature. Then, using the Delphi method, the identified components were approved by a team of 13 experts. In the second stage, in order to determine the mutual effects, factors and components were included in 2 separate questionnaires and a team of 6 experts completed them. One of these questionnaires was developed for use in MICMAC analysis and the other for use in Scenario Wizard software. The results of the scenario wizard software presented 4 acceptable (strong) scenarios, among which 3 optimistic, pessimistic and most likely scenarios were analyzed and the results of the corresponding scenarios were presented in 7 factors.

Knowledge-based economy is modern economy that production and distribution based on Knowledge and Knowledge itself is the main source of growth and wealth creation. Knowledge-based companies are generator of Knowledge-based economy. Knowledge-based companies & institutions are private or cooperative companies that cause synergy of science and wealth, development of Knowledge-based economy, achievement of scientific and economic goals (including development and application of invention and innovation) and commercialization of research and development (including design and production of goods and services) in the high technology and high value-added production, particularly in the form of software. Knowledge-based companies can be divided into two categories: micro and macro. K-based companies have made some important features such as job creation, positive competitiveness, generation and development. Those companies are commensurate with their growing economies. Organizational structures of companies in many different companies and organizations are playing an efficient role. The types of organizations and companies determine organizational structure. In this study we reviewed organizational structures, including functional, productional, regional, Matrix, connectional, horizontal, network, associational, star, clover and Virtual. We purpose a suitable pattern “network-Virtual-horizontal” for organizational structure of Knowledge-based companies. This organizational structure increases productivity in Knowledge-based companies.

One of the most important challenges for Knowledge-based companies in Iran is to improve the commercialization process and most of these companies have difficulty to achieve the desired commercialization performance. While the importance of business networks is emphasized in the literature on commercialization, the role of networking capabilities for the effective management of network communications to improve commercialization performance has not been investigated. There is little insight, in particular, into the fact that companies can better manage their networking capabilities by considering the networks structure for successful commercialization. based on Resource-based View (RBV) and the business networks approach as a theoretical lens, the present study tries to identify the indigenous dimensions of networking capability through a mixed-methods approach. And in the next step, by presenting the model, the direct and indirect effect of this capability on the commercialization performance will be determined. According to the results, the fit of the proposed model was confirmed in terms of measurement, structural and general models. The results also showed that networking capability and its dimensions have a positive and significant effect on commercialization performance. In addition, the mediating role of business networks structure in the relationship between networking capability and commercialization performance was confirmed.

The main purpose of this study is to identify and investigate the factors affecting the credit risk of Knowledge-based companies located in Science and Technology Parks of Semnan province and to present an appropriate model. The statistical population of the study includes all 68 Knowledge-based companies of Semnan province that have been active in Science and Technology Parks of Semnan province during 2016, 2017 and 2018. For this purpose, the logit Regression Model with a qualitative dependent variable with zero value for non-deferred companies (risk-free) and one for companies with deferred (risky) with 6 explanatory variables including variables of concentration ratio, company history, type of documents, history of borrowing, history of returned checks and profitability were proposed and introduced. The source of data collection of dependent variable and explanatory variables, other than the concentration ratio, is the integrated inquiry system of Central Bank. Also, to calculate the concentration ratio variable, using the microdata of Iran's industrial sector in the years under study, the concentration ratio of 5 firms in terms of employment by two-digit industry codes (ISIC) was estimated by fitting the lognormal parametric model. Then, the structure of the industry was identified and the position of the studied companies in this structure was determined. Finally, with the help of Eviews software, all variables were entered into the model and fitted. According to the results, the variables of concentration ratio, type of collateral and profitability have a significant negative effect on credit risk,That is, by increasing each of these variables, assuming the other variables remain constant, the probability of facility deferral or credit risk decreases. Also, the variables of returned checks history, borrowing history and company history with a positive and significant effect, have the greatest impact on increasing credit risk. Out of 68 Knowledge-based companies in Semnan province, 45 companies are in the structure of monopoly competition, 2 companies are in the structure of multilateral monopoly and 21 companies are in the structure of full competition.

The purpose of the current research is to identify the dimensions and components of Knowledge flow processes and examine their importance in defense Knowledge-based companies. The population and statistical sample of this research is 25 experts. For this purpose, using the fuzzy Delphi method, 5 dimensions and 25 components of Knowledge flow processes were identified and screened. Then the weighting and prioritization of each of the research variables in Knowledge-based organizations was done with the fuzzy best-worst method. The results show that the dimension of Knowledge retention ranks first and dimensions: Knowledge creation; Knowledge transfer; Knowledge acquisition and Knowledge application were ranked second to fifth in Lingo software. Then, the intensity of the relationships between the dimensions of the Knowledge flow processes was evaluated using the fuzzy Dimethel method. The results of this research can provide a comprehensive view to Knowledge management experts and researchers regarding the dimensions and components of Knowledge flow and their prioritization in Knowledge-based organizations.

The main goal of defense organizations is to use Knowledge management to maintain competitive advantage and maintain it in the stages of growth and maturity in the organization's life cycle, and in accordance with the advancement of Knowledge and technology, it is necessary to set up and collaborate with corporations and Knowledge collections. Which requires the implementation and implementation of guidelines and models for Knowledge management. In this research, by studying the subject literature and previous researches, a comprehensive collection of effective factors of extraction, and after screening by the experts, ultimately 7 main axes and 43 effective criteria, and their validity with Truston method, reliability of the questionnaire with Cronbach's alpha coefficient and approval 85 statistical questionnaires were used to select the statistical society in the Knowledge societies with the defense industry. For pre-processing of data, Excel and SPSS software was used to identify the factors, confirmation and validation of the model and ranking of factors using Structural Equation Method with Smart PLS software. The results of the research show that KMS implementation model Knowledge-based defense companies include seven factors of organizational structure, leadership, technology, processes, personnel, strategy and outcomes. According to the rankings, organizational structure has the least importance and the most important implications. It is suggested that researchers in future investigate the pathogens of limiting factors and obstacles to deploying Knowledge management systems in Knowledge based companies.

The current study aimed to develop a model to retain Knowledge workers in Knowledgebased companies in Iran. This correlational survey selected 250 companies via relative cluster sampling. A 34-item questionnaire was also prepared on the basis of the literature and interviews with professors and directors of Knowledge-based companies. The data were analyzed in SPSS-20 and LISREL-8/72 using the following methods: Cronbach’, s alpha, Pearson Correlation, and Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Internal consistency ranged between 0. 692 and 0. 897, and correlation coefficients among all factors were desirable. In addition, goodness-of-fit indices confirmed the model proposed. The results showed that group thinking and mutual trust between individuals and organizational groups, participation in decision-making, positive organizational culture, job prestige, and communication development in work groups had the greatest impact. The results also confirmed the reliability and validity of the model to retain Knowledge workers in Knowledge-based companies. It was also revealed that in addition to payments, benefits, and workplace environment, some individual, group, and organizational factors play a role in retaining Knowledge workers.

Nowadays the role of Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) is undeniably pivotal and fundamental. Investigating on such enterprises will lead to Knowledge based economy. Focus on this issue has been recently increased in our country, and the government is paying more attention to supportive organizations. With respect to the significant role of these newly-established organizations, studying the factors of their success is of great importance. In this research, and from the company managers points of view, the important factors that are considered to be effective in success of the organizations have been ranked with respect to their importance. This paper is presented in two parts; the first part deals with the success factors of technology-based companies and in the second part suggestions and solutions for eliminating development obstacles are provided.